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1、2024年衡水金卷先享题英语四
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Some of the more obvious and scammy(欺诈的)dark patterns一sneaking extra items intoshopping baskets or adding unexpected charges-have been made illegal.But the law isn't so cut anddried when it comes to privacy and data.Harry Brignull and a growing number of advocates and lawmakers feel that legislation (isnecessary to stop these dark patterns so consumers can use the Internet without constantly beingmanipulated into spending money,signing up for services they don't need,or giving up their data.28.Why are Instagram users tricked by the new pop-up?A.It has a stylish design.B.It uses misleading words.C.It offers too many choices.D.It promises not to track users.29.What can we learn about dark patterns?A.They improve user experience.B.They came along with the Internet.C.They provide personalized service.D.They influence users'decision-making.30.Which of the following does the underlined word "they"refer to in Paragraph 4?A.Dark patterns.B.Internet users.C.Personal data..D.Some lawmakers.31.What is an example of illegal dark pattern practices?A.Recording shopping lists.B.Tracking online habits.C.Charging hidden fees.D.Presenting unwanted ads.DSome bees seem to be able to choose whether to become a worker or a queen-but thousands ofcompetitors for the throne（王位)are killed in each hive(蜂巢)，About one-fifth of all Melipona beecheii bee larvae (start to develop as queens,but thecolony accepts only one.The rest are attacked by strong-jawed workers.Biologists suspected that colonies of this species overproduce queens as an evolutionary strategy totake over other hives.But it now seems that it is simply a result of the "selfishness"of individuallarvae,to the detriment of the whole colony,says Caliari Oliveira at KU Leuven in Belgium.Unlike most bee colonies where workers select one larva to become the only queen by feeding it aspecial diet,the M.beecheii colony is spending a lot of resources to produce new individuals,and thenall they do afterwards is waste those resources and kill the queens."This is a very good example of thetragedy of the commons,when a chase for personal gain harms society,"says Caliari Oliveira.In the past,researchers suggested that M.beecheii workers were feeding a chemical called geraniol(to the future queens.Oliveira and his colleagues wondered if the bees chose so many queensin order to spread the colony's DNA into other hives.To investigate further,they took genetic samples of queens and workers from 25 free-rangingM.beecheii colonies.In the lab,they also gave higher doses of geraniol to more than 600 larvae.Totheir surprise,they discovered that extra geraniol didn't affect larval development,so workers weren'tcontrolling queen production after all.Genetic analysis revealed that the DNA of each hive remained 100per cent consistent.The new study "settles a bit of a controversy"about Melipona bees,says Christoph Grueter at theUniversity of Bristol,UK.But it doesn't offer a new explanation for how the larvae "decide"to becomequeens."For me,this is still one of the biggest puzzles in biology."32.What does the underlined phrase "to the detriment of"mean in Paragraph 3?A.Taking charge of.B.Falling victim to.C.Providing support for.D.Causing damage to.英语·第5页（共8页)■口口