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after8O0 hours of being exposed to the air可知，这些数据表明辣椒素能够提升钙钛矿太阳能电池的性能。注：power transformation efficiency功率转换效率；single-crystal MAPbl3单晶甲基铵碘化铅（钙钛矿）。30.B。理解具体信息。根据倒数第二段中的p-type semiconductor layers,.which containmore electron-deficient "holes"than electrons,and n-type semiconductor layers,whichcontain more electrons than“holes.”可知，在电子缺陷一一“空穴”主导的p型半导体层和电子主导的n型半导体层的一个主要区别就是电子数量的不同。3l.C。推断。根据最后一段中的Bao and his teammates note that further research is requiredto investigate the compound's effect on harmless,,lead-free perovskites可知，研究人员接下来可能会继续观察辣椒素对无铅、无毒环保型钙钛矿材料有何影响。注：inorganic perovskite无机钙钛矿；double perovskite双钙钛矿。D篇主题语境：人与社会一一体育本文是议论文。视频回放技术已经在体育竞技比赛中广泛使用，但其利弊一直备受争议，作者就此谈论了自己的一些看法。32.A。理解具体信息。根据第二段中的相关内容可知，美国国家橄榄球联盟(TeNational Football League)、美国职业棒球大联盟(Major League Baseball)、国际足联世界杯(the FIFA World Cup)和肯塔基赛马会(the Kentucky Derby)都在各自的比赛中使用视频回放技术，由此可见：视频▣放技术在各种体育赛事中得到了广泛的应用。33.C。理解词汇。根据第三段中的However,many purists…especially in soccer,.argue it'snotthe way the game was invented及it can slow the game down可推断，许多纯粹主义者认为视频回放正在损害体育运动。34.D。推断。根据第四段中的When obvious pass interference was committed by the LosAngeles Rams player Nickell Robey-Coleman,..no flag was raised on the field.It weakened theNew Orleans Saints'spirits.The Los Angeles Rams won a 26-23 overtime victory Video replayshowed the referees had just missed one of the most apparent pass interference calls可推知，新奥尔良圣徒队(the New Orleans Saints)会认为那场比赛的裁判太不合格了。注：the LosAngeles Rams洛杉矶公羊队。35.B。理解主旨要义。总览全文可知，视频回放技术在体育比赛中的普及引发了一些人的不满，作者就此谈论了自己的一些看法，故用B项作为标题最恰当。第二节主题语境：人与自我一一生活本文是记叙文。Nicolas Gentile痴迷于著名作家J.R.R.Tolkien笔下的奇么幻故事，于是立志打造现实版的霍比特村庄。36.D。根据该空前的reading about the world and characters he loved wasn't enough anymore和该空后的So he decided that he.started living as a hobbit可知，Nicolas己经不再满足于阅读奇幻文学，他想亲自体验一下。D项中的imaginedadventures与该空后的real-lifeadventure形成对比。37.C。根据该空前的ln20l8,Nicolas bought two hectares of land.and started building hisown hobbit burrow和该空后的They dress as hobbits,dancing,singing,and preparing localdishes可知，所给选项中只有C项内容符合此处语境。C项中的there指代该空前的hisown hobbit burrow,另外该空后的They与C项中的He and his family相呼应。38.B。根据该空前的how much his hobbit house and the land around it cost him和almost allof his life savings以及该空后的In this way,he can build a full--size hobbit village可知，Nicolas